9k31 strela-1/9k35 strela-10 (rs-sa-9 gaskin/rs-sa-13 gopher)

The 9K31 Strela-1 and 9K35 Strela-10 are highly mobile, short-range surface-to-air missile systems designed for engaging low-flying aerial targets. These systems provide air defense for ground forces, primarily against helicopters and low-flying aircraft.

Developed by the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1970s to provide mobile, close-range air defense for armored regiments alongside the ZSU-23-4, the wheeled 9K31 Strela-1 entered service in 1968, followed by the tracked 9K35 Strela-10 in 1976. While the Strela-1 utilized a BRDM-2 amphibious chassis, the Strela-10 transitioned to an MT-LB tracked platform to improve cross-country mobility and accommodate heavier, more advanced infrared-guided missiles. Both systems saw extensive export and combat deployment globally, including during the Angolan Civil War, the Gulf War, and various conflicts in the Middle East and the Balkans. Today, they remain in active service with numerous armed forces worldwide and continue to see significant combat use in the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War.