BMP-1/BMP-2

The BMP-1 is a Soviet amphibious tracked infantry fighting vehicle introduced in the 1960s, designed to transport troops and provide direct fire support. The BMP-2 is an improved version, introduced in the 1980s, featuring a more powerful 30mm autocannon and improved anti-tank missile capabilities.

Developed to fulfill the Soviet doctrine of nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) warfare, these vehicles allowed infantry to fight alongside main battle tanks while remaining protected. The BMP-1 officially entered Soviet service in 1966, while the upgraded BMP-2 was adopted in 1980 following design refinements aimed at addressing low-angle engagement limitations. Both platforms saw extensive combat during the Soviet-Afghan War, the Gulf War, and various post-Soviet conflicts, including the ongoing war in Ukraine. Today, they remain among the most widely exported and utilized infantry fighting vehicles in history, serving in dozens of armed forces worldwide.