BM-21 Grad

The BM-21 Grad is a Soviet truck-mounted 122 mm multiple rocket launcher. It is designed to deliver concentrated fire against enemy personnel, armored vehicles, and fortifications.

Developed in the late 1950s by the Splav design bureau to replace the aging BM-14, the system officially entered Soviet service in 1963. It first saw combat during the Sino-Soviet border conflict in 1969 and has since been heavily utilized in numerous global conflicts, including the Soviet-Afghan War, the Syrian Civil War, and the Russo-Ukrainian War. Renowned for its simplicity and devastating area-denial capabilities, the Grad remains in active service worldwide and has become the most widely produced multiple rocket launcher in history, spawning dozens of international variants.